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Paraguay – Important Facts

Paraguay is a country in South America. Neighboring countries include Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the country. The government system is a constitutional republic; the chief of state and head of government is the president. Paraguay has a free market system in which the prices are set by the market. Paraguay is a member of the Common Market of the South (Mercosur).

Landlocked Paraguay has a market economy distinguished by a large informal sector, featuring re-export of imported consumer goods to neighboring countries, as well as the activities of thousands of microenterprises and urban street vendors. A large percentage of the population, especially in rural areas, derives its living from agricultural activity, often on a subsistence basis. Because of the importance of the informal sector, accurate economic measures are difficult to obtain.

On a per capita basis, real income has stagnated at 1980 levels. The economy grew rapidly between 2003 and 2008 as growing world demand for commodities combined with high prices and favorable weather to support Paraguay’s commodity-based export expansion. Paraguay is the sixth largest soy producer in the world. Drought hit in 2008, reducing agricultural exports and slowing the economy even before the onset of the global recession. The economy fell 3.8% in 2009, as lower world demand and commodity prices caused exports to contract. The government reacted by introducing fiscal and monetary stimulus packages. Growth resumed in 2010, and has been erratic, although positive, ever since. Severe drought and outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease led to a drop in beef and other agricultural exports. In addition to the agricultural challenges, political uncertainty, corruption, limited progress on structural reform, and deficient infrastructure are the main obstacles to long-term growth.

Important Details

  • Country ISO3 : PRY
  • Country Code : 600
  • Income Group : Upper middle income
  • Lending Category : IBRD
  • Region : Latin America & Caribbean
  • Currency Unit: Paraguayan guarani
  • WTO Member : Yes
  • Trade organisations : WTO, Mercosur, Unasur
  • world rank : 83
  • Regional Ranking : 16th in the South and Central America/Caribbean Region