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Pakistan – Important Facts

Pakistan is a country located in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabia Sea and the Gulf of Oman and is bordered by Afghanistan, China, India, and Iran. The geography of Pakistan is diverse with the Thar Desert in the east and the Hindu Kush and Pamir mountain ranges in the north. The government system is a federal republic; the chief of state is the president, and the head of government is the prime minister. Pakistan has a mixed economic system with a combination of free market activity and government intervention. Pakistan is a member of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).

The economy of Pakistan is the 25th largest in the world in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), and 38th largest in terms of nominal gross domestic product. Pakistan has a population of over 190 million (the world’s 6th-largest), giving it a nominal GDP per capita of $1,550, which ranks 132nd in the world. However, Pakistan’s undocumented economy is estimated to be 36% of its overall economy, which is not taken into consideration when calculating per capita income. Pakistan is a developing country and is one of the Next Eleven, the eleven countries that, along with the BRICS, have a potential to become one of the world’s large economies in the 21st century. However, after decades of war and social instability, as of 2013, serious deficiencies in basic services such as railway transportation and electric power generation had developed. The economy is semi-industrialized, with centres of growth along the Indus River. Primary export commodities include textiles, leather goods, sports goods, chemicals and carpets/rugs.

Pakistan remains stuck in a low-income, low-growth trap, with growth averaging about 3.5% per year from 2008 to 2013. Pakistan must address long-standing issues related to government revenues, with the tax base being narrow at 11% of GDP. Given demographic challenges, Pakistan’s leadership will be pressed to implement economic reforms, promote further development of the energy sector, and attract foreign investment to support sufficient economic growth necessary to employ its growing and rapidly urbanizing population, much of which is under the age of 25. Other long-term challenges include expanding investment in education and healthcare, adapting to the effects of climate change and natural disasters, improving the country’s business climate, and reducing dependence on foreign donors. Pakistan and China are implementing the “China-Pakistan Economic Corridor”, a $46 billion investment program targeted towards the energy sector and other infrastructure project that Islamabad and Beijing had agreed on in early 2014.

Important Details

  • Country ISO3 : PAK
  • Country Code : 586
  • Income Group : Lower middle income
  • Lending Category : Blend
  • Region : South Asia
  • Currency Unit: Pakistani rupee
  • WTO Member : Yes
  • Trade organisations : ECO, SAFTA, ASEAN, WIPO and WTO
  • world rank : 126
  • Regional Ranking : 26th in the Asia–Pacific Region