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Colombia – Important Facts

Colombia officially the Republic of Colombia is a transcontinental country largely situated in the north west of South America, with territories in Central America. Colombia shares a border to the north west with Panama, to the east with Venezuela and Brazil, to the south with Ecuador and Peru. It shares its maritime limits with Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, the Dominican Republic, and Haiti. It is a unitary, constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The territory of what is now Colombia was originally inhabited by indigenous peoples including the Muisca, Quimbaya, and Tairona.

Colombia is a member of the Andean Community (ANCOM).

Strong political stability, a growing middle class (35.3% of the population), and a vastly improved safety and security situation have created healthy economic growth in Colombia, despite the hit the Colombian economy has received due to the drop in oil and commodity prices. Key economic indicators demonstrating the positive long-term effect of Colombia’s political and economic policies contrast with the performance of the economy in 2015 and 2016: GDP growth in 2015 slowed down to 3.1%; and foreign direct investment of US$ 15.8 billion in 2014 decreased to US$ 12.1 billion, a drop of 26%. Approximately 55 percent of Colombia’s exports worldwide are petroleum. With depressed global oil prices, Colombia’s economy is expected to continue slowing down in 2016, with GDP growth projected to be close to 2.6% and investment expected to decrease as well.

Facts: Republic of Colombia Capital: Bogota, Population: 47.5 million, Area: 1.14m sq km (440,831 sq miles), Major language: Spanish, Major religion: Christianity, Life expectancy: 70 years (men) and 78 years (women), Currency: Peso.

Important Details

  • Country ISO3:COL
  • Country Code:170
  • Income Group:Latin America & Caribbean
  • Lending Category:Upper middle income
  • Region:IBRD
  • Currency Unit:Colombian Peso
  • WTO Member:YES
  • Trade organisations: Pacific Alliance, CAN and SACN
  • world rank:33
  • Regional Ranking:3rd in the South and Central America/Caribbean Region