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Bosnia and Herzegovina – Important Facts

Bosnia and Herzegovina sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or Bosnia & Herzegovina, abbreviated BiH or B&H, and in short, often known informally as Bosnia, is a country in South eastern Europe located on the Balkan Peninsula. Sarajevo is the capital and largest city. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west, and south. Serbia to the east; Montenegro to the south east and the Adriatic Sea to the south, with a coastline about 20 kilometres (12 miles) long surrounding the city of Neum. In the central and eastern interior of the country the geography is mountainous, in the north west it is moderately hilly, and the north east is predominantly flatland. The inland is a geographically larger region and has a moderate continental climate, with hot summers and cold and snowy winters. The southern tip of the country has a Mediterranean climate and plain topography.

Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) is a transitional economy with a population of approximately 3.8 million. Per capita GDP in 2014 was $4,780 with total nominal GDP of approximately $18.4 billion. BiH’s Central Bank reports 2015 GDP growth at 2.8 percent. The Central Bank estimates that GDP growth in 2016 could range between 2.3 percent and 3.1 percent depending on successful implementation of reforms, while the IMF and EBRD projected growth of 3 percent. The World Bank is less optimistic, projecting growth at 2.6 percent in 2016.

BiH has been a potential candidate country for European Union (EU) accession since 2003. Although BiH’s progress towards EU accession has been slow, the country’s Stabilization and Association Agreement (SAA) entered into force on June 1, 2015. BiH submitted its formal application for EU membership on February 15, 2016.

Facts: Capital: Sarajevo, Population: 3.7 million, Area: 51,129 sq km (19,741 sq miles), Major languages: Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian, Major religions: Christianity and Islam, Life expectancy: 73 years (men) and 78 years (women) Currency: convertible marka.

Important Details

  • Country ISO3:BIH
  • Country Code:70
  • Income Group:Europe & Central Asia
  • Lending Category:Upper middle income
  • Region:IBRD
  • Currency Unit:Marka
  • WTO Member:No
  • Trade organisations:CEFTA
  • world rank:108
  • Regional Ranking:39th in Europe